منابع مشابه
Plant ribosome shunting in vitro.
It has been proposed that cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA with its 600 nt long leader uses an unusual translation process (the translational shunt). A wheat germ in vitro translation assay was used to improve the study of this mechanism. Deletions, the introduction of stable stem-loop structures, and the inhibitory effect of antisense oligonucleotides on gene expression were used to determine ...
متن کاملRibosome Shunting, Polycistronic Translation, and Evasion of Antiviral Defenses in Plant Pararetroviruses and Beyond
Viruses have compact genomes and usually translate more than one protein from polycistronic RNAs using leaky scanning, frameshifting, stop codon suppression or reinitiation mechanisms. Viral (pre-)genomic RNAs often contain long 5-leader sequences with short upstream open reading frames (uORFs) and secondary structure elements, which control both translation initiation and replication. In plant...
متن کاملCross-Species Functionality of Pararetroviral Elements Driving Ribosome Shunting
BACKGROUND Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) and Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) belong to distinct genera of pararetroviruses infecting dicot and monocot plants, respectively. In both viruses, polycistronic translation of pregenomic (pg) RNA is initiated by shunting ribosomes that bypass a large region of the pgRNA leader with several short (s)ORFs and a stable stem-loop structure. The shun...
متن کاملEvolution of Plant Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins
This contribution presents an updated analysis of the evolution of ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) in plants. All evidence suggests that an ancestor of modern seed plants developed the RIP domain at least 300 million years ago. This ancestral RIP domain gave rise to a direct lineage of type 1 RIPs (i.e., primary type 1 RIPs) still present today in many monocots and at least one dicot. In ...
متن کاملRIBOSOME-INACTIVATING PROTEINS: A Plant Perspective.
Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are toxic N-glycosidases that depurinate the universally conserved alpha-sarcin loop of large rRNAs. This depurination inactivates the ribosome, thereby blocking its further participation in protein synthesis. RIPs are widely distributed among different plant genera and within a variety of different tissues. Recent work has shown that enzymatic activity of ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nucleic Acids Research
سال: 1997
ISSN: 1362-4962
DOI: 10.1093/nar/25.14.2854